Development of Plant Pests Surveillance in Taiwan

The efforts of Taiwan in plant pests monitoring began in the 1960s when the “early alert of rice diseases and pests” program was implemented.

                                   

To protect the production of rice, the most important food source in Taiwan, the former Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction (JCRR, currently the Council of Agriculture) coordinated with the district agricultural improvement stations (DAISs) of the Taiwan Provincial Government. Together, they conducted rice disease and pest monitoring and occurrence prediction work on all rice production areas in Taiwan. In 1974, the banana export of Taiwan reached a record high in history, with 8 million cartons of bananas exported from Taiwan to Japan. A banana disease and pest early warning system, which was under the supervision of Taiwan Banana Research Institute, was then established for monitoring the diseases and pests of banana in the Kaohsiung and Pingtung areas. In 1994, in order to reinforce the prevention and control of oriental fruit flies, melon fly, common cutworm and beet armyworm, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) and Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute (TACTRI) cooperated to set up a monitoring program for pest density and distributed the population density newsletter of those pests to extension workers and farmers. 96 monitoring sites were established around Taiwan, systematically surveying their occurrence and conducting data analysis to provide related information of the pests to farmers promptly.

Starting from 1990, in order to provide support and services of crop disease and pest diagnosis and to promote management technology to farmers, the Council of Agriculture (COA) subsidized TARI, TACTRI, DAISs and related universities to establish crop pest diagnosis service stations. Currently 30 stations are under operation. Through the provision of pest diagnostic services to farmers, the COA was able to collect information on various crop diseases and pests. For the first time in the agricultural history of Taiwan, scope of monitoring was greatly expanded to cover most crops and their diseases and pests in the system. In 1997, under the supervision of the former Department of Agriculture and Forestry of Taiwan Provincial Government, TARI, TACRI, and DAISs, then still governed by the former Taiwan Provincial Government, established a plant pests monitoring system (the forerunner of present plant pests monitoring system). The system comprehensively integrated monitoring survey, investigation, identification and reporting of plant diseases and pests in Taiwan. With the assistance of computer networks, the plant pests monitoring work of Taiwan was modernized and computerized.

                
                
On August 1, 1998, the Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine (BAPHIQ) was established with the responsibility of the planning and administering nation-wide plant health and pests management. In 1999, the BAPHIQ established the current “plant pest monitoring system” in that active monitoring of plant pest is conducted, and pest investigation, notification, warning are carried out, relevant data are recorded and analyzed, and diagnosis services is provided. In addition, the BAPHIQ further established the “Taiwan agricultural pest database” and “plant pest geographical information system” in 2003. These two systems offer pest control officers with information of the diseases and pests to facilitate their management. In order for improving the systems, the “plant pest management network” based on the current “plant pest monitoring system” and the “plant pest geographical information system” was constructed in 2005. The network will fulfill the needs for analyzing integrated plant pest information and establishing geographical information system.


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